The difference between reverse osmosis water purification and nanofiltration water purification
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Update time : 2025-05-24 16:49:21
In the field of water purification, reverse osmosis water purification equipment and nanofiltration water purification equipment belong to nano-precision filtration. So, what is the difference between them?
First, let us understand reverse osmosis water purification equipment. Reverse osmosis is a method of removing impurities and pollutants from water through membrane filtration technology. The reverse osmosis membrane has very small pores with a filtration accuracy of 0.0001 microns, that is, 0.1nm, which can effectively filter out harmful substances in water, such as bacteria, viruses, heavy metal ions, organic matter, etc. Reverse osmosis water purification equipment can produce high-quality pure water, which can not only improve the taste and smell of water, but also remove suspended matter and soluble solids in water. However, when reverse osmosis water purification equipment is used in areas with high water hardness, there will be a certain problem of wasting water resources.
In contrast, nanofiltration water purification equipment uses nanofiltration membrane technology. The pores of nanofiltration membranes are relatively large, generally around 0.001 microns, that is, around 1nm. It can filter out substances with relatively large molecular sizes, such as bacteria and macromolecular organic matter. Nanofiltration can intercept ions with a valence of more than two and other particles. Only water molecules and some monovalent ions (such as sodium, potassium, and chloride ions) can be passed through. However, due to the large pores of the nanofiltration membrane, some tiny molecular pollutants cannot be filtered out. However, the filtering effect of nanofiltration water purification equipment is still slightly worse than that of reverse osmosis equipment.
In addition to the difference in filtering effect, there are some other differences between reverse osmosis water purification equipment and nanofiltration water purification equipment. First, reverse osmosis water purification equipment requires a higher pressure to push water through the membrane pores, so the energy consumption is relatively large; while the working pressure of nanofiltration water purification equipment is lower and the energy consumption is relatively small. Secondly, the water production speed of reverse osmosis water purification equipment is slow, generally tens of liters per hour; while the water production speed of nanofiltration water purification equipment is faster, generally hundreds of liters per hour.
Reverse osmosis water purification systems are mainly used to produce household pure water, industrial ultrapure water, and medical ultrapure water. Nanofiltration water purification systems are generally used for water softening, micro-pollution desalination, and industrial pure water production.
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