Reverse Osmosis (RO) membranes are vital in modern water treatment, but their core role and value often need clear, brief explanation. Below is a streamlined breakdown of what they are, how they work, and why they matter.
What Is an RO Membrane? An RO membrane is a semi-permeable thin-film composite (TFC) material (mostly polyamide) that filters water at the molecular level. Its tiny pores (0.0001 microns, 1/100,000th the width of a human hair) block dissolved solids, contaminants, and pathogens, while letting pure water pass. Structured in spiral-wound modules for efficiency, it’s used in systems from home units to industrial plants.
How Does It Work? Osmosis naturally moves water from low to high solute concentration. Reverse osmosis uses pressure (higher than natural osmotic pressure) to push contaminated water through the membrane: Pure water passes through pores. Impurities (salt, heavy metals, bacteria, chemicals) become “concentrate” (wastewater) and are flushed. It removes up to 99% of contaminants—far better than standard filters.
